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Speed as well as accuracy is important in this section. Work quickly, or you might not finish the paper. There are no penalties for incorrect responses, only marks for correct answers, so you should attempt all 35 questions. Each question is worth one mark.

You must complete the answers within the time limit. Calculators are NOT permitted.

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Five children have had their height measured as part of a pre-school health check. Stuart is taller than Ruth who is taller than Margaret. Tim is shorter than Ruth and taller than Adrian.

1. Who must Adrian be shorter than?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    If Tim is shorter than Ruth, but taller than Adrian, then we know that Adrian is necessarily shorter than both, therefore the answer cannot be B or C. Since Tim is shorter than Ruth, and Stuart is taller than Ruth, Adrian must also be shorter than Stuart, so the answer is not E. We are therefore divided between A and D depending on whether Adrian is shorter than Margaret or not, but we are not given enough information to decide this as all we know is Margaret is shorter than Ruth but not by how much. Therefore, the answer is D. 

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