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    BMAT 2019 S2

    BMAT 2019 S2

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    This section is Section 2 of 3.

    Speed as well as accuracy is important in this section. Work quickly, or you might not finish the paper. There are no penalties for incorrect responses, only marks for correct answers, so you should attempt all 27 questions. Each question is worth one mark.

    You must complete the answers within the time limit. Calculators are NOT permitted.

    Good Luck!

    The diagram shows some stages involved in genetic engineering.

    1. Which row correctly identifies W, X, Y and Z?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    This is a typical genetic engineering question which can be answered mostly through elimination.

    W (the grey rectangle) is a small section of the chromosome shown in the picture – this is known as a gene. Hence, we can eliminate options A-D. 

    X appears two times in the picture and both times it is involved with cutting. This should indicate to you that X is a restriction enzyme. It is first used to cut the gene out of the chromosome and then the same enzyme used to cut the same section out of the plasmid. We are now down to options E and G which are only differentiated by Y.

    Y is a plasmid as opposed to a bacterium. A plasmid is a circular strand of DNA present within the bacterium. It is the plasmid that gets cut by the restriction enzyme NOT the bacterium.

    Z is seen to be sticking the gene taken out of the chromosome and the plasmid together. This indicates that Z is a DNA ligase which is the gluing enzyme.

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